Black rice, known for its deep black color which turns purple when cooked, has been cultivated in China for over 4,000 years. It’s gaining attention due to its potential health benefits and high nutritional value. This review covers its history, chemical composition, nutritional and functional properties, and its applications in food products.

Historical Background and Composition
Black rice, also referred to as purple rice or forbidden rice, is notable for its anthocyanin content, which contributes to its dark color. It has a range of applications, including porridge, desserts, traditional Chinese rice cakes, bread, and noodles.

Health Benefits of Black Rice

Improved Eye Health: Rich in anthocyanins which may support eye health.
Diabetes Management: Contains compounds that may help manage blood sugar levels.
Nutrient-Rich: Provides essential nutrients including antioxidants.
Antioxidant-Rich: High in antioxidants that combat oxidative stress.
Heart Health: May support cardiovascular health.
Anti-Cancer Properties: Potential to reduce cancer risk.
Gluten-Free: Suitable for those with gluten intolerance or celiac disease.
Weight Management: High fiber content may aid in weight loss and management.
Liver Health: May support liver function and reduce oxidative stress.

Why Black Rice?

Anti-Inflammatory: Contains phenols that may reduce inflammation.
Antioxidant Properties: Rich in antioxidants like ferulic acid, which may help prevent chronic diseases.
Fiber-Rich: Enhances bowel movement and reduces digestive issues.
Potential for Disease Prevention: Research indicates benefits in reducing risks associated with diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer.

FAQs

How do you cook black rice?
Rinse the rice, combine 1 cup with 2 cups of water, boil, then simmer for 30-35 minutes.

Is black rice safe for those with gluten intolerance?
Yes, black rice is naturally gluten-free.

Can pregnant women consume black rice?
Yes, it’s nutritious and beneficial but should be consumed in moderation.

Why is it called “forbidden rice”?
In ancient China, it was reserved for the emperor and forbidden to common people.

What are its nutritional benefits compared to other rice types?
Black rice is a whole grain with higher antioxidant content, fiber, and lower glycemic index than white rice.

Conclusion
Black rice is a nutrient-dense food with a rich history. Its high antioxidant content and health benefits make it a valuable addition to a balanced diet, potentially aiding in the prevention of various diseases.